Aspirations professionnelles des jeunes en Suisse: Rôles sexués et conciliation travail/famille / Berufswünsche der Jugendlichen in der Schweiz: stereotype Rollenbilder und die Vereinbarkeit von Familie und Beruf

TitleAspirations professionnelles des jeunes en Suisse: Rôles sexués et conciliation travail/famille / Berufswünsche der Jugendlichen in der Schweiz: stereotype Rollenbilder und die Vereinbarkeit von Familie und Beruf
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2015
AuthorsGianettoni, L, Carvalho Arruda, C, Gauthier, J-A, Gross, D, Joye, D
JournalSocial Change in Switzerland
Volume32
Keywordsgender, occupational aspirations
Abstract

La société suisse prône officiellement l'égalité entre les femmes et les hommes, alors même que l'on observe une forte persistance de la (re)production de rôles sexués et de la division sexuelle du travail: les femmes sont sur-représentées dans les métiers les moins bien rémunérés (du «care» notamment) et dans les positions subalternes; les hommes dans les métiers techniques et dans les positions de cadre ou de chef, mieux rémunérées. L’analyse des données de l’enquête «Vers plus d’égalité dans l’orientation professionnelle» menée en 2011 montre que les garçons et les filles aspirent toujours essentiellement à des métiers majoritairement exercés par des personnes du même sexe (i.e. métiers typiques), et donc que les sources d'inégalités de revenus demeurent. Cependant les filles trangressent plus facilement les normes de genre, en aspirant également à des métiers mixtes ou masculins. Nos résultats montrent aussi que cette division sexuelle des aspirations professionnelles est liée, pour les filles, à une anticipation de la place qu’elles occuperont sur le marché du travail et notamment aux difficultés de concilier vies professionnelle et familiale. Ceci explique sans doute, pour une part, la relative inefficacité des politiques d'égalité entre les sexes, et interroge également la volonté affichée récemment par certains milieux de voir plus de femmes sur le marché du travail en réponse à la votation sur l’immigration du 9 février 2014.

URLhttp://www.socialchangeswitzerland.ch/?page_id=193

Contextualizing Women’s Academic Careers in Cross-National Perspective

TitleContextualizing Women’s Academic Careers in Cross-National Perspective
Publication TypeReport
Year of Publication2016
AuthorsLe Feuvre, N
PublisherGARCIA Working Paper Series
Place PublishedTento
Keywordsacademic careers, cross-national comparaison, working conditions
Citation Key2055
Refereed DesignationRefereed

Lutter contre les pauvres. Les politiques face à la mendicité à travers l'exemple du canton de vaud

TitleLutter contre les pauvres. Les politiques face à la mendicité à travers l'exemple du canton de vaud
Publication TypeBook
Year of Publication2016
AuthorsTabin, J-P, Knüsel, R, Ansermet, C
EditionSecond
Number of Pages1565
PublisherEditions d'en En Bas
Place PublishedLausanne
ISBN Number978-2-8290-01519-0
Keywordsmendicité, pauvreté, Suisse
Abstract

Comment expliquer que la présence dans les rues de certaines villes de quelques dizaines de personnes qui mendient suscite autant de réactions négatives? D’où vient cette méfiance face à la mendicité? Pourquoi ce sujet est-il à l’agenda politique en Suisse et en Europe? Qui sont les personnes qui mendient à Lausanne? Comment vivent-elles? Ce livre cherche à répondre à ces questions en explorant tout d’abord l’histoire de la pauvreté, de la mendicité et du vagabondage dans nos sociétés. Avec la sécularisation de l’assistance sociale, depuis le Moyen-Âge, l’idée que les personnes qui demandent la charité n’ont pas leur place dans la société s’est progressivement installée. Les auteurs proposent ensuite une analyse de la construction du « problème » de la mendicité par les autorités législatives, judiciaires et administratives en Suisse, et plus particulièrement dans le canton de Vaud. Au regard d’un traitement médiatique souvent caricatural, l’ouvrage présente enfin les résultats d’une enquête de terrain à Lausanne fondée sur des entretiens avec des personnes en contact avec la mendicité et avec ceux et celles qui la pratiquent, ainsi que sur des observations systématiques. En conclusion, selon les auteurs, aucune politique adéquate ne sera possible sans impliquer les personnes qui mendient comme des partenaires et des êtres humains à part entière.

URLhttp://enbas.net/index.php?id=tabin-knusel-ansermet-lutter-contre-les-pauvres
Refereed DesignationNon-Refereed

From inclusiveness to selectivity: Paradoxical outcomes of youth transition policies in Switzerland

TitleFrom inclusiveness to selectivity: Paradoxical outcomes of youth transition policies in Switzerland
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2016
AuthorsBonvin, J-M, Rosenstein, E
JournalSociologia del Lavoro
Volume141
Pagination39-54
ISSN0392-5048
Keywordscapabilities, incompleteness, Informational basis, youth transition policies
Abstract

In a context of activation, welfare agents resort to explicit and implicit forms of categorisation to identify more precisely the target groups that can be activated. In the capability perspective, such a categorisation should be flexible enough to promote the conversion of entitlements into real capacity to act. In this perspective, the definition of an open “informational basis of judgement” (i.e. the criteria used to delimitate people’s entitlements and duties, to the exclusion of all other types of information) and its practical implementation are key features for assessing the potential and limits of welfare policies. Based on a Swiss case study of school-to-work transition, the paper shows that though formally open, the investigated programme results in strong selectivity among the participants and emphasises the factors that explain this paradoxical result.

Refereed DesignationRefereed

Wohnversorgung in der Schweiz - Bestandsaufnahme über Haushalte von Menschen in Armut und in prekären Lebenslagen

TitleWohnversorgung in der Schweiz - Bestandsaufnahme über Haushalte von Menschen in Armut und in prekären Lebenslagen
Publication TypeReport
Year of Publication2015
AuthorsBochsler, Y, Ehrler, F, Fritschi, T, Gasser, N, Kehrli, C, Knöpfel, C, Salzgeber, R
Pagination91
Date Publishedoct
PublisherBundesamt für Sozialversicherungen
KeywordsArmut, Prekarität, Wohnen
URLhttp://www.gegenarmut.ch/fileadmin/kundendaten/Dokumente/15_15d_eBericht.pdf
Citation Key2031
Refereed DesignationNon-Refereed

Measuring prosocial attitudes for future generations: The social generativity scale

TitleMeasuring prosocial attitudes for future generations: The social generativity scale
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2015
AuthorsMorselli, D, Passini, S
JournalJournal of Adult Development
Volume22
Issue3
Pagination173-182
Abstract

Erik Erikson’s theory of human development defines generativity as the concern for the continuation of life after an individual’s death. According to the theory, such a concern has a wide spectrum that ranges from the desire to procreate to the willingness to contribute for the sake of generations that have yet to come, and is thus closely related to concepts of social responsibility and agency. Although this is a well-known aspect of the theory it is only marginally measured in the common quantitative measures of generativity—e.g. the Loyola Generativity Scale. In this study we present the Social Generativity Scale (SGS), which is focused on responsibility for future generation. Correlational analysis showed that the SGS is more consistently linked to future orientation than other generativity measures (i.e. measured with consideration of future consequences), inclusiveness, and political engagement, and negatively related to social dominance orientation and prejudice. The results suggest that the SGS better captures the social responsibility dimension of the generativity concept than previous measures, and for this reason it is complementary to those scales that comprehend generativity as the concern for personal continuation after death and desire of parenting.

DOI10.1007/s10804-015-9210-9
Refereed DesignationRefereed

Gender and social hierarchies: Perspectives from social psychology

TitleGender and social hierarchies: Perspectives from social psychology
Publication TypeBook
Year of Publication2016
Series EditorFaniko, K, Lorenzi-Cioldi, F, Sarrasin, O, Mayor, E
Number of Pages208
PublisherRoutledge
Place PublishedLondon
ISBN Number978-1-13-893811-3
Keywordsdiscrimination, gender, sexism, status, stereotypes, women
Abstract

Gender and Social Hierarchies offers a fresh and coherent picture of applied research from within social psychology on the intricate relationship between gender and social status. It comprises a collection of innovative approaches which seek to understand the pervasiveness of status asymmetry between gender categories. Drawing upon recent theoretical advances in gender psychology, the book provides tools for developing practical and political recommendations to address and resolve status inequality today. Each chapter examines a different aspect of the impact that gender-based social hierarchies have on people’s lives. Part One explores the consequences of gender stereotypes in school, higher education, and in professional settings. The struggles faced by women in the workplace are discussed in Part Two, featuring topics such as work-life balance, the ‘glass cliff’, and the lack of support for affirmative action. Part Three is devoted to the antecedents and consequences of gender-based forms of prejudice, such as discrimination against gay men, and against women within cultural minorities. The book concludes with some practical suggestions for working towards lasting and beneficial change. Gender and Social Hierarchies will appeal to scholars and students across the social sciences and offers important insights to practitioners and policy-makers.

Refereed DesignationRefereed

Family attitudes and gender opinions of cohabiting and married mothers in Switzerland

TitleFamily attitudes and gender opinions of cohabiting and married mothers in Switzerland
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2015
AuthorsRyser, V-A, Le Goff, J-M
JournalFamily Science
Volume6
Issue1
Pagination370-379
Date Publishedoct
ISSN1942-4620
Keywordscohabitation, family attitudes, gender opinions, labor market, marriage, subjective well-being, Switzerland
Abstract

A regular increase of nonmarital births has been observed in Switzerland since the middle of the 1990s. This article aims first to investigate whether childbearing within cohabitation reflects a new living arrangement that replaces marriage or whether it is favored by poor economic circumstances. The second aim of this article is to examine whether married or cohabitant women can be distinguished based on their levels of subjective well-being (SWB), family attitudes, and gender opinions. Using a subsample of married and cohabitant mothers from the Swiss Household Panel (SHP), multilevel models reveal that childbearing within cohabitation in Switzerland does not reflect a pattern of disadvantage and that married and cohabitant mothers differ. Cohabitant mothers tend to be less satisfied with life in general, and tend to share a less traditional perspective on family, than married mothers. The research concludes that cohabitation could be considered an avant-garde family style that exhibits more equal division of tasks within the household.

URLhttp://www.tandfonline.com/action/doSearch?quickLinkJournal=&journalText=&AllField=ryser+le+goff&publication=40001105#aHR0cDovL3d3dy50YW5kZm9ubGluZS5jb20vZG9pL3BkZi8xMC4xMDgwLzE5NDI0NjIwLjIwMTUuMTEwMjE1NUBAQDA=
DOI10.1080/194620.2015.110155
Refereed DesignationRefereed

Families And Societies Report: A Comparative Study on Mixed Marriages among Natives, Immigrants and their Descendants in Europe

TitleFamilies And Societies Report: A Comparative Study on Mixed Marriages among Natives, Immigrants and their Descendants in Europe
Publication TypeReport
Year of Publication2015
AuthorsPotarca, G, Bernardi, L
PublisherFamilies And Societies
Abstract

This study investigates the formation of mixed marriages in seven European countries: the United Kingdom, France, Romania, Switzerland, Estonia, Belgium and Spain. While there is a growing interest in the spread and stability of mixed marriages, little research investigates inter-ethnic unions from a comparative perspective. Using individual-level longitudinal data from seven European countries and applying Poisson regression models, the study shows, first, that for several countries, the levels of mixed marriages vary more across ethnic groups within countries than between the countries. Second, immigrants from geographically and culturally distant origins show high levels of intra-group marriages. Third, marriage patterns among descendants of immigrants fall in between those of immigrants and natives, but for some groups endogamous marriages remain dominate.

Citation Key1977
Refereed DesignationNon-Refereed

Blatant and subtle domination: The mediation of moral inclusion on the relationship between social dominance orientation and prejudice

TitleBlatant and subtle domination: The mediation of moral inclusion on the relationship between social dominance orientation and prejudice
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2016
AuthorsPassini, S, Morselli, D
JournalPersonality & Individual Differences
Volume89
Pagination182-186
Keywordsmediation, moral exclusion, moral inclusion, prejudice, social dominance orientation
Abstract

In this research, we focus on the effects of the individual’s social dominance orientation (SDO) on the expression of prejudicial attitudes. Furthermore, we examine the mediational effect of moral exclusion on this relationship. The literature has shown a strong correlation between SDO and prejudice. However, we hypothesize that the processes of moral exclusion (i.e., covert and institutionalized forms of excluding social groups from the community to which the rules of justice apply) should mediate the effect of SDO on the expression of prejudice, particularly with regard to subtle forms of prejudice. The results from 276 Italian participants support this hypothesis. The effects of SDO are mediated by the inclusive level of the moral community, and this effect is stronger for subtle prejudice than for blatant prejudice. The results suggest that modern prejudice is hidden by subtle forms of moral exclusion.

Refereed DesignationRefereed

Trust in institutions and human values in the European context: A comparison between the World Value Survey and the European Social Survey

TitleTrust in institutions and human values in the European context: A comparison between the World Value Survey and the European Social Survey
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2015
AuthorsMorselli, D, Spini, D, Devos, T
JournalPsicologia sociale
Volume10
Issue3
Pagination209-222

Value-oriented citizenship index: New extensions of Kelman and Hamilton’s theory to prevent autocracy

TitleValue-oriented citizenship index: New extensions of Kelman and Hamilton’s theory to prevent autocracy
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2015
AuthorsMorselli, D, Passini, S
JournalSocial science research
Volume54
Pagination289-302
Refereed DesignationRefereed

Spouses and families of expatriates: A systematic literature review by correspondence analysis based on semantic segments

TitleSpouses and families of expatriates: A systematic literature review by correspondence analysis based on semantic segments
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2016
AuthorsMancini-Vonlanthen, N
JournalLIVES Working Papers
Volume2016
Issue49
Pagination1-44
ISSN2296-1658
Keywordscorrespondence analysis, families of expatriates, international assignments, literature review, spouses of expatriates
Abstract

Spouses and families of expatriates have been identified as a major issue in expatriation, and the literature thereon has augmented in recent years. Applying correspondence analysis, this article aims to provide a systematic visualization of the development of the research topic and reveals key tendencies of research over time. By using correspondence analysis software, a textual analysis of abstracts from 132 academic journals in English that focus on the couple/family before, during and after expatriation is performed. Through the semantic structuring of the topic, the development of the research along two major axes can be demonstrated: the evolution from home-country to host-country issues and the nonlinear shift from an expatriate-centered perspective to a dual-career and expatriate-family perspective. Based on the historical advancements of the field, key trends for future research are anticipated and identified. Among other trends, studies on the long-term impact of expatriation, studies on non-traditional families and partners/families of specific self-initiated expatriates are discussed.

DOI10.12682/lives.2296-1658.2016.49