Time dependency in diffusion models: Gamma-diffusion models as an alternative to the Hernes model

TitleTime dependency in diffusion models: Gamma-diffusion models as an alternative to the Hernes model
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2012
AuthorsLe Goff, J-M
JournalLIVES Working Papers
Volume2012
Issue16
Pagination1-24
PublisherNCCR LIVES
Place PublishedLausanne
Type of ArticleResearch paper
ISSN2296-1658
Keywordsdiffusion models, event history analysis, gamma-diffusion models, Hernes model
Abstract

The marriage process in a cohort is sometimes analyzed with the Hernes model. This model presents a convenient property that clearly allows one to distinguish the quantum effect in the cohort from the tempo effect. Hernes (1972) formulated originally his model in terms of diffusion or contagion of marriage from people who were already married to those not yet married. The spread of the proportion of married people in the cohort has an increasing effect on the risk of marriage for singles. However, this increasing effect is slowed down due to facts that unmarried people progressively cease to be attractive on the marriage market when aging and that because the number of potential partners decrease. Hernes mentions that this decreasing force could be related to another mechanism in which each individual in the cohort could be heterogeneous in his or her susceptibility to marriage. This assertion, however, does not anymore correspond to his model, as it is formalized. This paper first develops models corresponding to this mechanism, the gamma-logistic and gamma-mixed influence diffusion models in which heterogeneity in susceptibility is hypothesized to be distributed as a gamma function. The second part is devoted to developing an application of the gamma-mixed-influence model on data from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study and to comparing results with those obtained by the estimation of the Hernes model.

DOI10.12682/lives.2296-1658.2012.16

Égalité des sexes et régulation institutionnelle de l'altérité racisée: une analyse psychosociale des attitudes politiques envers les Musulmans de Suisse

TitleÉgalité des sexes et régulation institutionnelle de l'altérité racisée: une analyse psychosociale des attitudes politiques envers les Musulmans de Suisse
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2011
AuthorsGianettoni, L
JournalRevue suisse de sociologie
Volume37
Issue3
Pagination507-524
Abstract

Cet article propose une analyse psychosociale des attitudes politiques à l’égard des Musulmans résidant en Suisse. Des analyses portant sur les données MosaiCH 2009 montrent que les positionnements des Suisses vis-à-vis des droits des femmes en général sont prédits par leur degré de sexisme, alors que leurs prises de position sur l’interdiction du foulard islamique dans les écoles dans le but déclaré de promouvoir l’égalité des sexes sont déterminées avant tout par leur degré de racisme. Ces résultats suggèrent que l’égalité des sexes peut être instrumentalisée afin de promouvoir des mesures visant à restreindre les droits de l’Autre racisé.

Refereed DesignationRefereed

Access to employment for children of immigrants: An exploratory review of several explanatory factors

TitleAccess to employment for children of immigrants: An exploratory review of several explanatory factors
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2011
AuthorsBolzman, C
JournalRevue suisse de travail social
Volume11
Issue2
Pagination64-79
PublisherSGSA-SSTS
Refereed DesignationRefereed

Parental background, upper secondary transitions and schooling inequality in Switzerland

TitleParental background, upper secondary transitions and schooling inequality in Switzerland
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2012
AuthorsFalter, J-M
JournalSwiss Journal of Sociology
Volume38
Issue2
Pagination201-222
ISSN0379-3664
Abstract

Transitions to upper secondary education may shape inequalities in Switzerland, which is characterized by early tracking and an extensive vocational track. Yet, pathways inside the schooling system may lower the impact of schooling decisions taking place at age 15. We use micro-data from TREE, a follow-up of the Swiss sample of PISA 2000, where upper secondary school choices can be observed together with cognitive ability and fam- ily background variables. We estimate a sequential model, which allows breaking down educational outcomes between inequality of opportunities at various transitions inside and the weights of these transitions. We show that the importance of educational transitions heavily depends on ability and gender.

Refereed DesignationRefereed

Does labor diversity promote entrepreneurship?

TitleDoes labor diversity promote entrepreneurship?
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2012
AuthorsMarino, M, Parrotta, P, Pozzoli, D
JournalEconomics Letters
Volume116
Issue1
Pagination15-19
Date Published7/2012
ISSN01651765
Keywordsentrepreneurship, labor diversity, transitions to self-employment
Abstract

We find evidence that workforce educational diversity promotes entrepreneurial behavior of employees as well as the formation of new firms, whereas diversity in demographics hinders transitions to self-employment. Ethnic diversity favors entrepreneurship in financial and business services.

DOI10.1016/j.econlet.2012.01.004
Short TitleEconomics Letters
Refereed DesignationRefereed

Have Unskilled Youths Become More Vulnerable to Unemployment in Switzerland?

TitleHave Unskilled Youths Become More Vulnerable to Unemployment in Switzerland?
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2011
AuthorsWeber, S, Garibian, V, Falter, J-M, Ferro-Luzzi, G
JournalRevue suisse de travail social
Volume11
Issue2
Pagination27 - 46
PublisherSGSA-SSTS
Refereed DesignationRefereed

A capability approach to public policies for marginalized youth. The case of FORJAD in the canton of Vaud

TitleA capability approach to public policies for marginalized youth. The case of FORJAD in the canton of Vaud
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2011
AuthorsBonvin, J-M, Dif-Pradalier, M
JournalRevue suisse de travail social
Volume11
Issue2
Pagination47-63
PublisherSGSA-SSTS
Refereed DesignationRefereed

Vocational training as an integration opportunity for struggling young adults? A Swiss case study

TitleVocational training as an integration opportunity for struggling young adults? A Swiss case study
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2012
AuthorsDif-Pradalier, M, Rosenstein, E, Bonvin, J-M
JournalSocial Work & Society
Volume10
Issue1
Pagination1-16
ISSN1613-8953
Abstract

The aim of this paper is to assess a Swiss s school-to-work transition programme against the capability approach. Our objective is to examine to what extent it enhances youngsters’ capabilities by providing resources and conversion factors allowing them to project themselves in the future and plan their own life in a way they have reason to value. The impact of the programme is assessed with regard to its beneficiaries’ capability for voice, for education and for work. The paper answers the three following research questions:

  • What is the impact of the individualised approach promoted by the programme on the recipients’ capability for voice?
  • How does the programme integrate a life course perspective and to what extent does it take into account the beneficiaries’ capacity to aspire?
  • What is the impact of the programme on the supply and demand sides of the labour market?
Refereed DesignationRefereed

Les paradoxes de la mixité. Les conséquences de l'introduction de la mixité aux concours d'entrée des Écoles Normales Supérieures de Saint-Cloud, Fontenay-aux-Roses et Lyon

TitleLes paradoxes de la mixité. Les conséquences de l'introduction de la mixité aux concours d'entrée des Écoles Normales Supérieures de Saint-Cloud, Fontenay-aux-Roses et Lyon
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2011
AuthorsBataille, P
JournalSociétés contemporaines
Volume83
Issue3
Pagination5-32
ISSN1150-1944
Abstract

In discussions on coeducation in France, two opposite positions can be picked out: on the one hand coeducation would be an equality factor between the sexes; on the other hand, it would increase the sexually stereotyped attitudes between students of both sexes. The study on graduates from the first coeducational cohorts to graduate from the ENS Fontenay, Saint-Cloud and Lyon reveals that those effects are different according to their specialization (science or humanities) or the kind of test (written or oral). With the results of this survey, it’s possible to discuss and formulate different hypotheses about the sexual differentiation of scholar behaviour or scholar success in a coeducational context.

DOI10.3917/soco.083.0005
Refereed DesignationRefereed

Pour une analyse dramaturgique des rôles du conjoint dans l’expatriation: Le cas du service diplomatique et consulaire suisse

TitlePour une analyse dramaturgique des rôles du conjoint dans l’expatriation: Le cas du service diplomatique et consulaire suisse
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2011
AuthorsDavoine, E, Ravasi, C, Cudré-Mauroux, C
JournalRevue internationale de psychosociologie et de gestion des comportements organisationnels
VolumeXVII
Issue43
Pagination315-332
ISSN1260-1705
Keywordscareer, élites, employment, gender, international mobility, life course
Abstract

In this article, we focus on the social role played by expatriates’ spouses during international assignments. Many researchers emphasize the importance of the spouse for the success or the failure of international assignments. Some experts even consider the behavior of the spouse as the most important factor for the expatriation success. Today it is increasingly difficult for multinational companies to ignore the importance of spouses and to deny the expectations that organizational actors address to them in terms of social and professional roles. Following a « Goffman’s dramaturgical » role analysis, we study these role expectations on the basis of an exemplary case : the spouses of diplomatic and consular employees of the Swiss Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Forty spouses, men and women, were interviewed during our investigation. We present in a structured and detailed manner the various repertoires and sub-repertoires that are available to perform the expatriate spouse role.

DOI10.3917/rips.043.0315
Refereed DesignationRefereed

Entre l'art et le métier: l'émulsion symbolique

TitleEntre l'art et le métier: l'émulsion symbolique
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2012
AuthorsPerrenoud, M
JournalSociologie de l'art
Volume21
Issue3
Pagination9-18
PublisherL'Harmattan
ISSN0779-1674
Keywordscareer, interactionism, professions, sociology of work
DOI10.3917/soart.021.0009
Refereed DesignationRefereed

Périurbanisation et transformation du gradient de la mortalité urbaine en Suisse

TitlePériurbanisation et transformation du gradient de la mortalité urbaine en Suisse
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2017
AuthorsLerch, M, Oris, M, Wanner, P, Festy, P
JournalPopulation
Volume72
Number1
Pagination95–126
PublisherI.N.E.D.
ISSN0032-4663
Keywordsanalyse multiniveau, gradient de mortalité, mortalité urbaine, périurbanisation, Suisse, urbanicité, urbanisation
Abstract

Alors que les différences régionales d’espérance de vie se sont estompées en Suisse, quels sont les effets de la périurbanisation sur la géographie de la mortalité ? À partir des données de l’état civil et des recensements, on observe un accroissement des différentiels intra-urbains de mortalité depuis 1980, en particulier dans les villes les plus grandes ou qui se sont récemment étendues. Un gradient non linéaire émerge : l’espérance de vie est plus faible dans les centres-villes et les zones rurales que dans la ceinture des agglomérations urbaines. Les profils de mortalité par âge et cause suggèrent que cela tient à la fois aux styles de vie propres aux populations des centres-villes et à la concentration spatiale des groupes défavorisés. Pour la mortalité entre 20 et 64 ans, un modèle multiniveau appliqué à des données de mortalité couplées aux recensements montre que la moindre mortalité observée dans les zones périurbaines résulte de la concentration d’individus très instruits et de familles. À l’inverse, la surmortalité des 20-64 ans dans les centres-villes reflète des désavantages matériels et sociaux. Cependant, ces conséquences socioéconomiques de la périurbanisation ne suffisent pas à rendre compte du gradient de la mortalité urbaine observé chez les personnes âgées.

URLhttps://www.cairn.info/revue-population-2017-1-p-95.htm
DOI10.3917/popu.1701.0095
Refereed DesignationRefereed

Active ageing and immigrants elders: A possible relation? Exploring the case of Switzerland

TitleActive ageing and immigrants elders: A possible relation? Exploring the case of Switzerland
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2012
AuthorsBolzman, C, Kaeser, L
JournalRevista Migrações
Volume10
Pagination29-44
Date Published04/2012
PublisherACIDI
Place PublishedLisboa
ISSN1646-8104
Keywordsactive ageing, elderly immigrants, retirement, social expectations, ways of life
Abstract

This paper explores the relationship between active ageing and the ways of life of immigrant elders. In the first part of the paper the meaning of active ageing and the context of production of this notion is analysed. A distinction is made between active ageing as a normative notion and the sociological perspective that emphasises the study of realities as they are lived and perceived by the individuals themselves. In the second part of the paper, the life conditions of immigrant elders, their expectations about retirement and the ways they spend their everyday life during their old days in Switzerland are explored. The conclusion discusses their specific ways of being “active” after retirement with regard to the notion of active ageing.

Refereed DesignationRefereed

Elderly immigrants in Switzerland: Exploring their social and health situation

TitleElderly immigrants in Switzerland: Exploring their social and health situation
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2012
AuthorsBolzman, C, Poncioni-Derrigo, R
JournalAnalele Ştiintifice, Editura Universităţii „Alexandru Ioan Cuza” Iaşi
Volume5
Issue1
Pagination175-190
Refereed DesignationRefereed

Du vieillissement au parcours de vie: Pour un renouvellement de l’imagination gérontologique

TitleDu vieillissement au parcours de vie: Pour un renouvellement de l’imagination gérontologique
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2012
AuthorsBickel, J-F
JournalLes Cahiers du travail social
Volume68
Pagination17-28
PublisherIRTS de Franche-Comté
Place PublishedBesançon
Refereed DesignationNon-Refereed

Les conditions socioéconomiques et culturelles du vieillissement en Suisse

TitleLes conditions socioéconomiques et culturelles du vieillissement en Suisse
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2012
AuthorsOris, M, Remund, A
JournalSécurité sociale CHSS
Volume2012
Issue4
Pagination203-209
Date Published07/2012
PublisherFederal Social Insurance Office, Switzerland
Place PublishedBern
ISSN1420-2689
Abstract

Les auteurs de cet article comparent la situation suisse par rapport à ses voisins en termes démographiques et démo-économiques. Leur analyse va au-delà des mesures quantitatives du démographe et prend en compte les transformations plus qualitatives dans les manières de vivre vieux et dans les représentations de la vieillesse, sans omettre une thématique longtemps négligée, celle des inégalités au sein de la population des personnes âgées.

Refereed DesignationNon-Refereed

Trajectoires des chômeurs de longue durée en Suisse – une analyse de données AVS/AI

TitleTrajectoires des chômeurs de longue durée en Suisse – une analyse de données AVS/AI
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2012
AuthorsLosa, FB, Bigotta, M, Stephani, E, Ritschard, G
JournalSécurité sociale CHSS
Volume2012
Issue4
Pagination224-228
Date Published07/2012
PublisherFederal Social Insurance Office, Switzerland
Place PublishedBern
ISSN1420-2689
Keywordslong time unemployment, occupational trajectories, social security
Abstract

Qui est frappé par le chômage de longue durée? Qui et combien de ces personnes épuisent leur droit aux indemnités de chômage ? Qu’arrive-t-il après une période de chômage de longue durée ? Combien de personnes parviennent-elles à revenir sur le marché de l’emploi, lesquelles et de quelle manière? Telles sont les questions auxquelles répond une étude de l’Office de statistique du canton du Tessin (Ustat) et de l’Université de Genève sur les trajectoires de vie professionnelle des chômeurs de longue durée en Suisse.

Refereed DesignationNon-Refereed

La pauvreté en Suisse entre 1999 et 2009: quelle évolution?

TitleLa pauvreté en Suisse entre 1999 et 2009: quelle évolution?
Publication TypeBook Chapter
Year of Publication2012
AuthorsJoye, D, Tillmann, R
EditorTabin, J-P, Merrien, F-X
Book TitleRegards croisés sur la pauvreté
Series TitleLes Cahiers de l'EESP
Pagination45-60
PublisherÉditions EESP
Place PublishedLausanne
ISBN Number978-2-88284-060-8

Vulnérabilités et trajectoires de vie. Vers une alliance entre parcours de vie et politiques sociales

TitleVulnérabilités et trajectoires de vie. Vers une alliance entre parcours de vie et politiques sociales
Publication TypeBook Chapter
Year of Publication2012
AuthorsSpini, D
EditorTabin, J-P, Merrien, F-X
Book TitleRegards croisés sur la pauvreté
Series TitleLes Cahiers de l'EESP
Pagination61-70
PublisherÉditions EESP
Place PublishedLausanne
ISBN Number978-2-88284-060-8

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